Until recently, scholarly focus on the post-adoption phase, specifically users' continued
usage of chatbot services, has been notably limited. Recognizing this gap in the existing
literature, the current research endeavors to develop an integrative model. This model
extends the theoretical framework of the Expectation Confirmation Model (ECM) by
incorporating key constructs related to chatbot service quality and anthropomorphism.
Both of these concepts are deemed crucial in influencing the continuance usage of chatbot
services. As an integral facet of a broader research undertaking, the model will be
empirically applied to assess citizens' intentions regarding the continued use of chatbot
services within context of the United Arab Emirates.